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Constantly high pressure: causes and consequences

High blood pressure

Experienced doctors know who usually reveals high pressure, the causes of hypertension and how dangerous is.Especially people of advanced age face a similar problem.Distinguish between primary and symptomatic hypertension.In the latter case, the pressure increases in relation to the bottom of the somatic pathology.

The causes of hypertension

The causes of hypertension are different.This is a pathology in which the pressure exceeds 139/89 mm RT.Art.The following risk factors are known:

  • Hereditary predisposition;
  • Excess in salt diet;
  • abuse of fatty foods;
  • atherosclerosis of arteries;
  • Diabetes mellitus;
  • Feochromocytoma;
  • dyslipidemia;
  • Central nervous system diseases;
  • brain tumors;
  • Renal pathology;
  • Primary hyperaldosteronism;
  • Paratyroidism;
  • thyrotoxicosis;
  • endocrine disorders during menopause;
  • Kon Syndrome;
  • aortic valve failure;
  • taking drugs;
  • alcoholism;
  • Smoking;
  • Poisoning with heavy metal salts;
  • The use of hormonal contraceptives.

High blood pressure is more often detected in men and women over 55.A disease like hypertension usually develops in people with overweight.The causes of increased pressure include constant stress, the effect of vibration and noise, violation of daily regime and low physical activity.

Increased pressure is based on the narrowing of the arteries or an increase in circulating blood volume.An important role in regulating the tone of blood vessels is played by nerve and endocrine systems.The eliminated basic risk factor can improve the patient's condition.With persistent hypertension, blood pressure does not fall for long.

Hypertension for feochromocytoma

Hypertension at an early age is often associated with endocrine pathology.Feochromocytoma is often diagnosed.This is a tumor formed from the brain substance of the adrenal glands.This pathology occurs with a frequency of 2 cases by 1 million people.Each tenth patient is a child.With feochromocytoma, the secondary form of arterial hypertension develops.

It is found in 90% of patients.The high pressure at an early age against the bottom of the pheochromocytoma is due to the production of a catecholamine tumor.These hormones include adrenaline and noradrenaline.They are vasoconstrictors.These hormones narrow the vessels, thus increasing the pressure.With the outdoor location of the tumor, hypertension can be poorly expressed.

The pressure increases in arteries and veins at the same time.At the bottom of the pheochromocytoma, the cardiac function is disturbed.The pulse is more frequent with increased pressure.Hypertension is detected every day or is periodic.Often the pressure reaches 250-300 mm hg.Hypertonic crises usually occur.

The cause of primary hyperaldosteronism

The causes of hypertension include improved mineralcorticoid products.This condition is called primary hyperaldosteronism.Aldosterone is the adrenal cortex hormone, which is involved in maintaining salt metabolism in the body.This pathology is primary and secondary.The following reasons for the development of hyperaldosteronism are known:

  • overloaded heredity;
  • Malignant arterial hypertension;
  • narrowing of renal arteries;
  • heart failure;
  • Exchange syndrome;
  • cirrhosis;
  • Loss of sodium as a result of a hard diet;
  • Strong blood loss.

An increase in pressure on this endocrine pathology is due to various mechanisms.The following factors participate in the development of hypertension:

  • Hyperproduction of vasopressin, catecholamines, ACTH, mineralcorticoids and endotheline;
  • greater sensitivity of arteries and heart to hormones with a hypertension effect;
  • Increased resorption of water and sodium;
  • fluid retention;
  • an increase in circulating blood volume;
  • reinforcement of cardiac production;
  • Increased the total peripheral resistance of the arteries.

Increased pressure in humans with hyperaldosteronism is combined with cardialgia, headache, decreased visual acuity, paraesthesia, muscle weakness, edema and seizures.In the primary form of the disease, blood pressure can increase slightly.With secondary hyperaldosteronism, it is very high.Diastolic blood pressure usually exceeds 120 mm hg.Art.It can decrease and increase again.

The cause of kidney diseases

The reasons for increasing blood pressure include renal pathology.It can be glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, chronic pyelonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, nephrolithiasis, tuberculosis and hydronephrosis.There are parenchymal and renovascular forms of renal hypertension.

Increased heart pressure in this case is symptomatic.It is observed in the final stages.Why blood pressure increases with renal pathology, not everyone knows.The causes are congenital anomalies in the development of blood vessels, hyperplasia of the artery walls, compression, embolism, inflammation, cyst and function of impaired glomerulus.

Not everyone knows why blood pressure rises with kidney disease.The most common reason is the atherosclerosis of the arteries.This occurs with a decrease in the pot diameter by more than 70%.In these people, blood pressure exceeds 160/100 mm RT.Art.Symptoms such as head pain, nausea and swelling are possible.What the clinical image depends on what not everyone knows.Symptoms are determined by the underlying disease.Increased arterial pressure from renal etiology is always combined with a change in urine.

Atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels

With an increase in blood pressure, the cause is usually in atherosclerosis.Both an adult and a teenager may suffer from this disease.The reason for increasing blood pressure is a decrease in the lumen of the arteries due to the growth of atherosclerotic plates.The following risk factors for the development of this pathology are known:

  • Violation of fat metabolism (dyslipidemia);
  • Elderly age;
  • inadequate nutrition;
  • obesity;
  • Smoking;
  • low motor activity;
  • intoxication.

Most of the time, atherosclerosis occurs at the bottom of an unbalanced nutrition.Excessive animal fats and carbohydrates causes low and low density deposition in the inner wall of the vessels.Fat points are formed.The vessels are damaged, the blood flow rate decreases.Soon, connective tissue grows and calcium salts are deposited.The plains become dense and overlap with the vase.

The cause of high blood pressure is in a decrease in the elasticity of the arteries.Atherosclerosis is a common cause of high pressure at a young age.Reducing blood pressure in this disease is difficult to achieve.Atherosclerosis and hypertension are often combined with each other.Along with high blood pressure, symptoms such as nausea, head and chest pain, limb numbness and cramps.In severe cases, the pressure may rise to critical values.

Irrational nutrition

High pressure causes may be associated with malnutrition.Hypertension may appear in people with abundant salty foods.The norm of its consumption is not greater than 4.5 g.Risk factors are the use of pickles, chips, smoked meats, cookies, suction of food after cooking.If you constantly eat wrong, hypertension can develop.

The negative effect of salt on the vessels lies in the spasm of the arteries and fluid retention.In order not to take risks, you need to eat right.Often pressure on people who prefer fatty foods increases.Adversely affect the vessels of animal lipids.They are found in large quantities in sausages, pork, lamb, meat, sour cream, cream, mayonnaise, egg yolk.

Palm and coconut fats severely affect the vessels.Hidden lipids are contained in the confectionery.Hell can increase by eating too much, abusing with fatty dishes, non -compliance with the interval, irregular nutrition.It has been established that large intervals between eating meals increase fat formation.

With overweight, the heart and blood vessels suffer.Each extra kilogram can cause an increase in pressure at 2 mm hg.Art.Open people are at risk for hypertension.The reason for increasing cardiac pressure against the bottom of malnutrition may be atherosclerosis and diabetes.The fats are deposited on the walls of the blood vessels, violating their cross capacity.Because pressure on these people does not decrease, every experienced doctor is known.

Life

With hypertension, risk factors are associated with the wrong way of life.This is a common concept that includes the following aspects:

  • reduced engine mode;
  • exposure to stress;
  • Smoking;
  • alcoholism;
  • constant stress;
  • Incorrectly organized mode of work and rest;
  • Sleep Inflamable.

If the pressure lasts at a high level for a long time and cannot decrease, the reason is often abused by alcohol.Alcohol leads to a persistent narrowing of the blood vessels.This is achieved thanks to the influence of the heart.If a person drinks for several days, this can increase blood pressure.Alcoholics develop persistent hypertension.

High pulse pressure is observed in smokers.The compounds included in smoke lead to the spasm of arteries and arterioles.If there is hypertension, the causes can be stressed.During emotional experiences, the release of catecholamines in the blood is intensified.They increase the pressure in the temples and all over the body.

This happens as a result of the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.By stimulating the parasympathetic department, the pressure drops.All of these are risk factors eliminated for hypertension.The causes of increased pressure include excessive work and serious sleep disorders.Enhanced snoring leads to an increase in intra -ahabdominal pressure and vascular cramps.

The development of drug hypertension

Hell can rise against the background of taking some drugs.Experienced doctors know not only the causes of hypertension and how to eliminate them, but also which medications can provoke it.The following drugs are little influenced by ships:

  • Adrenomimetics;
  • sympathy;
  • oral contraceptives;
  • tricyclic antidepressants;
  • Glucocorticoids.

With high cardiac pressure, the reason is usually at the reception of NSAIDs.These medications inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins and delay the liquid in the vessels.This leads to an increase in blood pressure.Nausea is possible.Often the pressure rises against the bottom of the oral contraceptive.These medications contain estrogens that stimulate the renin-angiotensin system.This is a factor that increases blood pressure.

Nervous system pathology

If a person has vomiting, headache and high pressure, the cause of the nervous system may be the cause.Which can cause human hypertension, not everyone knows.High pressure can cause:

  • encephalitis;
  • acute brain circulation;
  • meningitis;
  • Benign and malignant brain tumors;
  • Hodo-brain lesions.

The reasons are a simple fall or blow.Risk factors include adolescence.The cause of increased cardiac pressure is a violation of the tone regulation of blood vessels.This is the basis of hypertension development (primary hypertension).It depends on the work of the hypothalamus and the oblong brain if the pressure will decrease or increase.

Violation of nerve regulation occurs against the background of the effects of stressful factors.It is developed to extirpulatory and discinetical syndromes.The causes of hypertension are in the change in the hormonal background.In violation of metabolic processes, a decrease in blood flow, increasing their viscosity - all leads to a thickening of blood vessels and increasing wall resistance.Non -profit hypertension develops.

Only a doctor can help these people.Hypertension risk factors include smoking and alcoholism.In combination with a violation of neurogormon production, this leads to increased blood pressure.You need to know not only because of hypertension, but also from its manifestations.With this pathology, along with high blood pressure, nausea, dizziness, head pain, frequent wrist, noise in the ears and weakness.

High pressure with VSD

Every experienced doctor knows what hypertension is, the cause of its occurrence and how dangerous it is.Frequently, pathology is detected as vegetative-vascular dystonia.With it, it is possible to alternate periods of fall and increased blood pressure.High pressure, combined with other sympathetic activation signs, indicates an ATC by a hypertensive type.

A young organism usually faces this problem.The following reasons for VSD are known:

  • Fetal hypoxia;
  • generic injury;
  • Emotional lability;
  • neurosis;
  • chronic diseases;
  • cervical osteochondrosis;
  • traumatic brain lesions;
  • depression;
  • hormonal restructuring;
  • puberty.

High blood pressure can last long or be short.Hypertension with dystonia is unstable.Pressure may decrease to normal values after eliminating the main launch factor.Hell can jump.This is observed with a mixed form of VSD.Vegetation-vascular dystonia is manifested by high blood pressure (mainly systolic), neck headache, sweating, heart rate, insomnia, fast fatigue, dizziness, ears, limb cooling, decreased removal and tremors.Nausea and fast pulse are possible.

Hypertension develops for various reasons.Subject to all medical recommendations, the pressure drops and the person state improves a little.The treatment of symptomatic hypertension is intended for underlying disease.Be sure to prescribe blood pressure by reducing the medicine.Most of the time, ECA inhibitors, beta -blockers or diuretics are prescribed.Ignoring the problem can lead to crises, stroke, heart attack, organs and other complications.